Which of the following dies NOT contribute to the emergence and reemergence of diseases in people?

• A. Increasing human population
• B. Enhanced biosecurity practices
• C. Climate change
• D. Globalization of travel and trade and illegal transport of animals

Answer: (B)

Emergence and reemergence of diseases happen when factors create more opportunities for pathogens to jump species, spread, and persist in human populations. Enhanced biosecurity practices reduce those opportunities by preventing introduction and limiting transmission, so they do not contribute to emergence; they mitigate risk instead.

Increasing human population raises contact between people and animals and can amplify transmission in crowded settings. Climate change alters ecosystems and shifts the distribution and activity of vectors and reservoirs, enabling diseases to appear in new regions. Globalization of travel and trade, along with illegal transport of animals, quickly moves pathogens across borders and mixes species, facilitating rapid spread and emergence.