Which avian influenza virus subtypes are most likely to cause highly pathogenic avian influenza?

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Multiple Choice

Which avian influenza virus subtypes are most likely to cause highly pathogenic avian influenza?

Explanation:
High pathogenic avian influenza is most strongly associated with viruses that have H5 or H7 hemagglutinin subtypes. The key factor is a polybasic cleavage site in the HA protein, which allows the virus to be activated in multiple tissues and spread systemically, leading to severe disease and high mortality in birds. H5N1 and H7N7 are well-known examples that caused major, highly pathogenic outbreaks in poultry. The other subtypes listed are typically low pathogenic in birds and cause milder disease unless they acquire the same activating changes, so they’re less likely to be highly pathogenic on their own.

High pathogenic avian influenza is most strongly associated with viruses that have H5 or H7 hemagglutinin subtypes. The key factor is a polybasic cleavage site in the HA protein, which allows the virus to be activated in multiple tissues and spread systemically, leading to severe disease and high mortality in birds. H5N1 and H7N7 are well-known examples that caused major, highly pathogenic outbreaks in poultry. The other subtypes listed are typically low pathogenic in birds and cause milder disease unless they acquire the same activating changes, so they’re less likely to be highly pathogenic on their own.

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