Cleaning and disinfection of virulent Newcastle’s disease (vND) and HPAI can be accomplished with widely available disinfectants as long as organic material does not interfere.

• A. Is a very difficult process because these viruses are very hardy
• B. Can be accomplished with widely available disinfectants as long as organic material does not interfere
• C. Is unnecessary when these viruses are contained in organic material where they will die quickly. Other surfaces must be disinfected with widely available disinfectants.
• D. Can only be accomplished with a limited number of disinfectants that are specifically made for these viruses

Answer: (B)

The key idea is that removing organic material is essential for effective disinfection, because organic matter can shield viruses and react with disinfectants, reducing their ability to inactivate the virus. Virulent Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus are enveloped viruses, which are generally susceptible to a wide range of common disinfectants when used at proper concentrations and contact times. So, cleaning to reduce soil, manure, and other organic loads first, followed by applying widely available disinfectants, is an effective approach. This makes the statement correct: you don’t need virus-specific products to handle these enveloped viruses, as long as the organic material has been removed and disinfection is performed correctly. The other ideas are less accurate because organic matter doesn’t kill the viruses by itself, and disinfection isn’t unnecessary; and there isn’t a need for only a small set of specialized products for these viruses.